Mastering

Mastering describes the complete process of optimizing audio files for a particular medium, such as radio, video, CD, or the Web.

The stages of the mastering process are usually performed in the following order:

• Analysis Determines the overall phase, frequency, and amplitude range of the existing file. (See Techniques for analyzing audio.)
• Audio restoration Removes unwanted hiss, hum, clicks, or pops. (See Techniques for restoring audio.)
• Equalization Achieves the desired tonal balance. (See Parametric Equalizer effect.)
  • Compression and limiting Maximize perceived volume. (See Multiband Compressor effect.)
    With tonally balanced source material, you may achieve better results by compressing before equalizing. With tonally uneven material, however, equalize before compressing; reversing these stages can cause the volume of some tonal ranges to fluctuate unnaturally.
• Normalization Ensures that the loudest sounds reach the highest possible level that digital systems allow—0 dBFS. (See Normalize effect (Edit View only).)